The JKS Karate Certificates Explained
Have you ever wondered what you grading certificate actually says?
Well I have been asked a couple of times with regard to both Kyu and Dan grade certificates, so I thought I would write a post on it.
I will deal in particular with JKS certificates but many martial arts follow a similar format.
So starting at the top of the certificate and working down. 証 = sho meaning proof. This is the first of three kanji that make up the word shomeisho meaning certificate.
There is then a space for the students name to be entered followed by 殿 = dono, this is a polite form of name suffix that might be used in a formal letter, similar to Mr. but is not gender specific.
Next is a long line of kana commencing, 右者 = migi-mono or yusha. Well you have probably heard migi used in the dojo it means right (hidari means left), mono means person. So together they literally mean the person on the right. Don't be too concerned with a word by word translation, we will look at the whole at the end. The kanji are also the same as the first and last kanji from Yudansha 有段者 meaning person of black belt rank, yuu meaning have and sha meaning person. Next comes 審査 = shin-sa which means examination, this is followed by の = No, which is a particle that indicates possession. After this is 結果 = kekka which means result. When we line up for our rei in our dojo, the high grades are on the left, but in the LKA for example the high grades are on the right, different dojo, different traditions.... I believe the reference to the person on the right is a reference to your superiors (the ones on the right) that have undertaken the examination and your result is .....
Then there is another space for your grade to be entered, followed by four more kanji. The first is 級 = Kyu, the next is に = ni which is another particle that indicates a person or thing is "in, at, on", the last bit is 進む = susumu which means progress. So again looking at the whole, you have achieved whatever kyu grade, you have made some progress, but there is more progress to make so keep training hard. (The english words on the dan certificate conclude "We expect a further progress in skill and character building in the future", it does not say this word for word but this is what is meant)
Next comes three kanji with spaces after them, this is where the day, month, year is entered.日= nichi meaning day, 月 = gatsu meaning month and 年 = nen meaning year.
The date is followed by our association name and its hanko (red seal stamp). The full name for the JKS is Japan Karate Shotorenmei, renmei translates to league, but on the kyu grade certificate is a slightly different ending. 曰本 = Nihon (Japan), 空手 = karate, 松涛 = shoto, 会= kai which means association, this is a shortened version of kyokai, but they both represent the same meaning.
Lastly is the space for the name of the grading examiner.
When writing formally the Japanese write in columns, reading from right to left, so lets start in the top right hand corner where there is a partial red stamp above a vertical line of kanji. The stamp is an authentication stamp, half the stamp is on the certificate and the remaining part of the stamp is in the JKS records. If you put the certificate next to the record they make a complete stamp and this verifies that the certificate is authentic. Next the kanji, if you look closely the top and bottom kanji are printed and the others are hand brushed. 第 = dai and 号= go, dia is the ordinal number prefix and go is the suffix, together they mean number and usually surround a serial number, as is the case here. You may recognise the word dia from Asai Sensei's basic series of kata dai ichi to dai yon, the third kata, dia san became better known as jo no kata, anyway back to certificates. Between dia and go are the kanji for a series of numbers 一 = 1, 二 = 2, 三 = 3,四 = 4, 五 = 5, 六 = 6, 七 = 7, 八 = 8, 九 = 9 and zero is written as usual (you can also pronounce "zero" in Japanese as it is borrowed) so on Rebecca's certificate it reads 第一0四五二号 = serial number 10342, this will correspond to the registration number written in English towards the bottom of the certificate.
Just to the left of the registration number is a large red hanko stamp of the JKS and below the hanko is the large kanji 証 = sho meaning proof, as explained in the kyu certificate above.
The next column to the left appears your full name, your christian followed by your surname, again this will have been hand brushed.
Next comes two columns of kanji, seven, then six, the top kanji on the second column will be hand brushed, the rest will be printed. This is similar to the long phrase on the kyu certificate.
貴殿 = kiden meaning you, the first kanji is 貴 = ki meaning precious, the second kanji is 殿 = dono, as in the kyu certificate explained above. The next bit is also as the kyu certificate 審査 = shin-sa which means examination, this is followed by の = No, which is a particle that indicates possession. After this is 結果 = kekka which means result.
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Well I have been asked a couple of times with regard to both Kyu and Dan grade certificates, so I thought I would write a post on it.
I will deal in particular with JKS certificates but many martial arts follow a similar format.
The Kyu grade certificate
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| JKS Kyu grade certificate |
So starting at the top of the certificate and working down. 証 = sho meaning proof. This is the first of three kanji that make up the word shomeisho meaning certificate.
There is then a space for the students name to be entered followed by 殿 = dono, this is a polite form of name suffix that might be used in a formal letter, similar to Mr. but is not gender specific.
Next is a long line of kana commencing, 右者 = migi-mono or yusha. Well you have probably heard migi used in the dojo it means right (hidari means left), mono means person. So together they literally mean the person on the right. Don't be too concerned with a word by word translation, we will look at the whole at the end. The kanji are also the same as the first and last kanji from Yudansha 有段者 meaning person of black belt rank, yuu meaning have and sha meaning person. Next comes 審査 = shin-sa which means examination, this is followed by の = No, which is a particle that indicates possession. After this is 結果 = kekka which means result. When we line up for our rei in our dojo, the high grades are on the left, but in the LKA for example the high grades are on the right, different dojo, different traditions.... I believe the reference to the person on the right is a reference to your superiors (the ones on the right) that have undertaken the examination and your result is .....
Then there is another space for your grade to be entered, followed by four more kanji. The first is 級 = Kyu, the next is に = ni which is another particle that indicates a person or thing is "in, at, on", the last bit is 進む = susumu which means progress. So again looking at the whole, you have achieved whatever kyu grade, you have made some progress, but there is more progress to make so keep training hard. (The english words on the dan certificate conclude "We expect a further progress in skill and character building in the future", it does not say this word for word but this is what is meant)
Next comes three kanji with spaces after them, this is where the day, month, year is entered.日= nichi meaning day, 月 = gatsu meaning month and 年 = nen meaning year.
The date is followed by our association name and its hanko (red seal stamp). The full name for the JKS is Japan Karate Shotorenmei, renmei translates to league, but on the kyu grade certificate is a slightly different ending. 曰本 = Nihon (Japan), 空手 = karate, 松涛 = shoto, 会= kai which means association, this is a shortened version of kyokai, but they both represent the same meaning.
Lastly is the space for the name of the grading examiner.
The Dan grade Certificate
In the JKS this certificate is used for Shodan to Yondan. It has both Japanese and English and is an international certificate intended for use by non-Japanese.
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| Above: JKS Dan grade certificate |
When writing formally the Japanese write in columns, reading from right to left, so lets start in the top right hand corner where there is a partial red stamp above a vertical line of kanji. The stamp is an authentication stamp, half the stamp is on the certificate and the remaining part of the stamp is in the JKS records. If you put the certificate next to the record they make a complete stamp and this verifies that the certificate is authentic. Next the kanji, if you look closely the top and bottom kanji are printed and the others are hand brushed. 第 = dai and 号= go, dia is the ordinal number prefix and go is the suffix, together they mean number and usually surround a serial number, as is the case here. You may recognise the word dia from Asai Sensei's basic series of kata dai ichi to dai yon, the third kata, dia san became better known as jo no kata, anyway back to certificates. Between dia and go are the kanji for a series of numbers 一 = 1, 二 = 2, 三 = 3,四 = 4, 五 = 5, 六 = 6, 七 = 7, 八 = 8, 九 = 9 and zero is written as usual (you can also pronounce "zero" in Japanese as it is borrowed) so on Rebecca's certificate it reads 第一0四五二号 = serial number 10342, this will correspond to the registration number written in English towards the bottom of the certificate.
Just to the left of the registration number is a large red hanko stamp of the JKS and below the hanko is the large kanji 証 = sho meaning proof, as explained in the kyu certificate above.
The next column to the left appears your full name, your christian followed by your surname, again this will have been hand brushed.
Next comes two columns of kanji, seven, then six, the top kanji on the second column will be hand brushed, the rest will be printed. This is similar to the long phrase on the kyu certificate.
貴殿 = kiden meaning you, the first kanji is 貴 = ki meaning precious, the second kanji is 殿 = dono, as in the kyu certificate explained above. The next bit is also as the kyu certificate 審査 = shin-sa which means examination, this is followed by の = No, which is a particle that indicates possession. After this is 結果 = kekka which means result.
The first kanji on the second column is a number indicating your dan grade, however they are not all the same as the list of numbers used for the serial number. These are formal numbers, they are also used on the Japanese currency. 壱 = 1, 弐 = 2, 参 = 3 this set of kanji is called daiji (大字) and used in legal and financial documents to prevent unscrupulous individuals from adding a stroke or two, turning a one into a two or a three. The formal number for 1 is not even used because we use 初 = sho as the first dan rank. The number is followed by 段 = dan, the next is に = ni which is another particle that indicates a person or thing is "in, at, on" 列 = retsu meaning line or column, this might ring a bell as it is said to call us to line up before a rei and then すら = sura meaning even. So on Rebecca's certificate reading the two columns as a whole it reads "superiors examination results : line up with the nidan ranks".
Right now for the next column, this is the date, printed on the certificate is the following : 平成___年___月___日and the blanks will have been hand brushed in. You will notice that the set up is different from the kyu certificate. Again this is a formal document so the imperial calendar is used. 平成 = Hei-sei, the current emperor of Japan. He began his reign in 1989 and this is the year we start counting from, next goes the month and then the day. Oh 十 = 10 by the way, so reading Rebecca's certificate, 平成 二十三年三月十二日= Hei-sei 23 year 3 month 12 day. So dealing with the year first, 1989 + 23 - 1, (it is -1 because you count 1989 as well) = 2011 March 12th, the kanji for year, month and day are as the kyu certificate, listed above.
Next comes the name of our association, the JKS and unlike the kyu certificate it is written with the renmei ending: 曰本 = Nihon (Japan), 空手 = karate, 松涛 = shoto, 連盟 = renmei.
On Rebecca's certificate there are two more vertical columns of kanji, but on my sandan certificate these are not present, so they may or may not be represented on yours. So the first column is for the Chairman of the JKS - Seiichiro Murakami, his appointment comes first, 会= kai meaning association and 長= cho meaning head, then his name, the kanji for his surname first and then his christian name. The next column is for the Chief Instructor of the JKS, Masao Kagawa, again his appointment first, 首席 = Shuseki meaning chief, but reserved for a head of a large organisation, 師範 = Shihan, then his name, in the same format. The personal seals are stamped over the name, and these officials will match those at the bottom right of the certificate. At the bottom left hand side is the space for the Official Examiner, on Rebecca's certificate it is Kagawa Sensei, but the name is hand brushed and not printed as are all of the other positions.
Anyway hopefully that has answered any queries you may have had regarding your certificates.
Anyway hopefully that has answered any queries you may have had regarding your certificates.
posted by Selby Karateka at
10:44 PM
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